What steps are involved in starting a new LPFM station?

The FCC periodically designates specific time frames known as “windows” during which they accept applications for new LPFM (Low Power FM) stations. Historically, these windows have allowed organizations to apply for LPFM licenses. Here’s an overview of the LPFM window process and related developments:

1. Historical LPFM Windows:
   • The FCC has conducted several LPFM application windows in the past, including ones in 2000 and 2001, which were state-based, and a nationwide window in 2013.
   • The lengthy gap between 2001 and 2013 was due to various factors, including a significant number of applications for FM translators in 2003 and the need to implement rule changes following the Local Community Radio Act of 2010 (LCRA), signed by President Obama in January 2011.
2. Current LPFM-Related Petitions for Rulemaking:
   • There are currently three LPFM-related petitions for rulemaking:
     • RM-11749: A proposal that aims to provide existing LPFM stations the opportunity to upgrade from 100 watts at 30 meters HAAT to 250 watts at 30 meters HAAT (LP-250).
     • RM-11753: A more controversial proposal that suggests allowing commercial interests to operate LPFM stations and redefining how LPFM stations protect other stations.
     • RM-11810: Another REC-sponsored petition that revises the proposal in RM-11749 and offers more technical flexibility for LPFM stations by allowing them to be engineered to some extent, similar to FM translators.
   • If the FCC considers these petitions for rulemaking, it would involve a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) process, which typically takes about a year to complete.
3. Challenges and Delays:
   • The progress toward another LPFM application window may face challenges and potential delays, particularly due to the controversial nature of some proposals and the involvement of various interest groups.
   • Other FCC priorities, such as the AM Revitalization effort and the repacking of television channels for wireless broadband services, have also diverted resources from the LPFM process.
4. What Organizations Can Do:
   • While the timeline for the next LPFM window remains uncertain, organizations interested in applying for LPFM stations can take several steps to prepare:
     • Ensure they meet the eligibility criteria, including non-profit status and compliance with FCC rules.
     • Establish a board of directors and headquarters within the required proximity to the transmitter site.
     • Plan to provide local programming and staff a main studio as required.
     • Consider establishing a non-profit organization at the state level and maintain active corporate status.
     • Explore streaming an internet station to gain experience and build an audience.
     • Be prepared for potential costs, including equipment, antenna, and tower-related expenses.
5. Stay Informed and Advocate:
   • Stay informed about FCC developments related to LPFM by periodically checking for updates.
   • Consider contacting elected representatives at the federal level, such as Senators and Congress members, to advocate for another LPFM window.

The availability of LPFM channels can vary by location, and urban areas may face challenges due to previous filings by FM translators. Organizations should be prepared for potential challenges and costs associated with starting an LPFM station.

Please note that the timeline for future LPFM windows is uncertain, and organizations should monitor FCC announcements for any updates regarding the application process.

Starting a new LPFM (Low Power FM) station involves several steps and compliance with FCC regulations. Here’s a general overview of the process:

1. Determine Eligibility:
   • Ensure you meet the eligibility criteria set by the FCC, including being a non-profit entity, educational institution, or governmental organization.
   • Confirm that there is an available frequency in your desired location by checking the FCC’s LPFM Channel Finder tool.
2. Form a Non-Profit Organization:
   • If your group doesn’t already exist, establish a non-profit organization to oversee the station’s operations. Ensure it has a clear mission and structure.
3. Secure Funding:
   • LPFM stations require funding for equipment, studio space, and operating expenses. Explore grants, donations, and fundraising opportunities.
4. Select a Location:
   • Identify a suitable location for your station’s studio and transmitter. Ensure it complies with FCC regulations, especially concerning tower location and height.
5. Prepare an Engineering Proposal:
   • Engage a consulting engineer to create an engineering proposal. This should include technical details about your station, including antenna height and transmitter power.
6. Prepare the Necessary Documentation:
   • Gather required documentation, including:
     • Proof of eligibility (non-profit status).
     • A complete LPFM application form (Form 318).
     • Engineering studies and diagrams.
     • Site lease agreements.
     • Financial statements.
7. Submit the Application:
   • File your LPFM application during an open filing window announced by the FCC. Be sure to meet all deadlines.
8. Await Construction Permit Approval:
   • After submitting your application, you’ll need to wait for approval from the FCC. This can take several months or longer.
9. Build and Test the Station:
   • Once you receive a construction permit, you can begin building and testing your station’s equipment and facilities.
10. Finalize Licensing and Start Broadcasting:
    • After successfully testing your station, submit the necessary documentation to the FCC to finalize your licensing. Once approved, you can start broadcasting.
11. Operate and Maintain the Station:
    • Ensure that you operate your LPFM station in compliance with FCC regulations and your station’s mission.
    • Keep detailed records, including a station log, as required by the FCC.
12. Community Engagement:
    • Actively engage with your local community and provide content that serves their needs and interests.
13. Compliance and Renewal:
    • Stay up-to-date with FCC rules and regulations to maintain your station’s compliance.
    • Renew your station’s license as required.

It’s essential to consult with legal and engineering professionals who have experience with LPFM stations throughout the application and construction process. The FCC’s LPFM rules can be complex, and expert guidance can help ensure a successful launch and ongoing operation of your LPFM station.